Magnetic locking or opening device, method and system

ABSTRACT

An emergency shut-off device comprises an activation means configured to generate an activation force in response to detecting a seismic event, and a magnetic driver having a hollow guide tube with two magnets affixed at a selected position on opposite sides along a length of the guide tube with like poles facing each other and a drive piston movable inside the guide tube. The driver piston is coupled to a third magnet and has a first end for receiving an activation force to move the third magnet crossing a magnetic repulse shift line formed by the two magnets, and a second end for applying the drive force to an output system to effectuate a shut-off of a fluid line.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) of U.S.Provisional Patent Application 62/951,785, filed Dec. 20, 2019.

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The present disclosure generally relates to a locking and/or openingdevice, method and system. In a preferred embodiment, the presentinvention relates to an emergency shut-off device that requires noelectrical power.

BACKGROUND

Locking and opening mechanisms have been used in various industrial,commercial and residential contexts such as emergency exits designs, damconstructions, vehicle barriers, safe designs, ship compartmentscuttles, and blast doors. Many of these devices and valves may beimplemented to respond to an emergency in order to reduce the likelihoodof an unwanted event from occurring, continuing, or escalating. Forexample, in the event of earthquakes, landslides, flood, tornadoes,leakage, or fire, a rapid emergency shutdown of pipelines that transportlarge volumes of liquid, natural gas, crude oil, liquid petroleum, andchemical products over long distances is essential for minimizingpersonal injury and property damage, as pipeline incidents present someof the most dangerous situations to emergency responders and heightenedrisks to the people, property and environment near pipelines. In anotherexample, emergency release of floodgates or opening of aircraft cabindoors under some circumstances may require significant physical force inthe face of serious challenges such as lack of power and difficulty ofdispatching appropriate equipment and trained personnel to the emergencysite.

Accordingly, there is a need for an emergency shut-off device, method,and system where significant force may be generated in response tominimal activation force without requiring electrical power.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides an emergency shut-off device, method,and system. In a preferred embodiment, the invention is directed to aseismic emergency shut-off device, method, and system. In otherpreferred embodiments, the invention is directed to an aerospace,defense, and/or nuclear weapon device, method and system in which it isuseful to have one or more trigger, actuation, shut-off, opening,locking, drive, retraction or firing mechanism. In a further preferredembodiment, the devices, methods and systems according to the inventionare inert, stable, temperature insensitive, require no electricity,involve no chemicals, and can be precisely calibrated and can remainready to actuate and deliver a large amount of force instantaneously fora long period of time, e.g., even over many decades, 30 years, 50 years,100 years, or centuries. Preferred aspects of the present disclosureinclude elimination of springs, batteries, and electrical power sourcesand minimal functional friction among components of the device, therebyproviding a near unlimited functional life of the device. Further, thedevice according to the invention may be resettable after activation. Inanother preferred embodiment, the disclosed device utilitiesfrictionless magnetic latching (non-contact) enabling an activationmeans which reduces the energy requirement of the device to zero.

In addition, the drive force generated by a magnetic driver of thedisclosed device may be adjusted via several means even after theshut-off device has been manufactured. The present application may besuitable for any opening or closing mechanism that may requiresignificant force with minimal activation force, high reliability, lackof electricity, and the ability to remain ready to close/open forindefinite periods of time.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the emergency shut-offdevice may comprise an activation means configured to generate anactivation force in response to detecting a force and a magnetic driver.The force that is detected can be, for example, a seismic event. Themagnetic driver may comprise a guide tube that is hollow and has alongitudinal axis; first and second magnets affixed at a selectedposition on opposite sides along a length of the guide tube with likepoles facing each other, each magnet having a magnetic axis extendingbetween its North and South poles, magnetic axes of first and secondmagnets being substantially aligned with each other to form a magneticrepulse shift line; a drive piston movable inside the guide tube alongthe longitudinal axis; and a third magnet coupled to the drive pistonand configured to cross the magnetic repulse shift line to generate adrive force for extending the drive piston out of the guide tube. Thedrive piston has a first end for receiving the activation force to movethe third magnet crossing the magnetic repulse shift line, and a secondend for applying the drive force to an output system to effectuateshut-off.

A remarkable aspect of this device is the “zone mechanism” in the areaof the magnetic shift line. In that zone, the force required to move thedrive piston along the longitudinal axis right before the magnetic shiftline drops to a minimal amount or near zero. In that zone, minimal forceis then required to move the drive piston along the longitudinal axisacross the magnetic shift line. Thereafter, the force generated by themagnets dramatically increases and moves the drive piston further alongthe longitudinal axis. This zone enables the design of many devices thatcan generate considerable magnetic force upon minimal activation energy.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure may include a method foractivating an emergency shut off and a method of using an emergency shutoff device. For example, the invention is preferably directed to amethod for activating and using a seismic emergency shut-off device. Themethod may comprise generating, via an activation means, an activationforce in response to detecting a force, including for example a seismicevent, and applying the activation force to a magnetic driver. Themagnetic driver may comprise applying the activation force to a magneticdriver; first and second magnets affixed at a selected position onopposite sides along a length of the guide tube with like poles facingeach other, each magnet having a magnetic axis extending between itsNorth and South poles, magnetic axes of first and second magnets beingsubstantially aligned with each other to form a magnetic repulse shiftline; a drive piston movable inside the guide tube along thelongitudinal axis; and a third magnet coupled to the drive piston andconfigured to cross the magnetic repulse shift line to generate a driveforce for extending the drive piston out of the guide tube. The methodfurther comprises receiving the activation force, by a first end of thedrive piston, to move the third magnet across the magnetic repulse shiftline; and applying the drive force, by a second end of the drive pistonto an output system, to effectuate a shut-off.

In yet another embodiment of the present application, an emergencyshut-off device may comprise an activation means configured to generatean activation force in response to detecting a force, including forexample a seismic event, and a magnetic driver. The magnetic driver maycomprise a guide tube that is hollow and has a longitudinal axis; firstand second magnets affixed at a selected position on opposite sidesalong a length of the guide tube with like poles facing each other, eachmagnet having a magnetic axis extending between its North and Southpoles, magnetic axes of first and second magnets being substantiallyaligned with each other to form a magnetic repulse shift line; a drivepiston movable inside the guide tube along the longitudinal axis; and athird magnet coupled to the drive piston and configured to cross themagnetic repulse shift line to generate a drive force for extending thedrive piston out of the guide tube. The first and second magnets areconfigured to be movable along the longitudinal axis and the magneticaxis to change the drive force generated by the third magnet. The drivepiston has a first end for receiving the activation force to move thethird magnet crossing the magnetic repulse shift line, and a second endfor applying the drive force to an output system to effectuate ashut-off of a fluid line.

In an additional embodiment of the present disclosure, an emergencyshut-off method may comprise generating, via an activation means, anactivation force in response to detecting a force, including for examplea seismic event, and applying the activation force to a magnetic driver.The magnetic driver may comprise applying the activation force to amagnetic driver; first and second magnets affixed at a selected positionon opposite sides along a length of the guide tube with like polesfacing each other, each magnet having a magnetic axis extending betweenits North and South poles, magnetic axes of first and second magnetsbeing substantially aligned with each other to form a magnetic repulseshift line; a drive piston movable inside the guide tube along thelongitudinal axis; and a third magnet coupled to the drive piston andconfigured to cross the magnetic repulse shift line to generate a driveforce for extending the drive piston out of the guide tube. The firstand second magnets are configured to be movable along the longitudinalaxis and the magnetic axis to change the drive force generated by thethird magnet. The method further comprises receiving the activationforce, by a first end of the drive piston, to move the third magnetcrossing the magnetic repulse shift line; and applying the drive force,by a second end of the drive piston to an output system, to effectuate ashut-off of a fluid line.

Moreover, the present disclosure provides a magnetic driver device,comprising: a frame member that is hollow and has a longitudinal axis;first and second magnets placed at a selected position on opposite sidesalong a length of the frame member with like poles facing each other,each magnet having a magnetic axis extending between its North and Southpoles, magnetic axes of first and second magnets being substantiallyaligned with each other to form a magnetic repulse shift line; a drivepiston movable inside the frame member along the longitudinal axis; anda third magnet coupled to the drive piston and configured to cross themagnetic repulse shift line to generate a drive force for extending thedrive piston out of the frame member. The first and second magnets areconfigured to be movable along the longitudinal axis and the magneticaxis to change the drive force generated by the third magnet.

The above summary of example aspects serves to provide a basicunderstanding of the present disclosure. This summary is not anextensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended toneither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineatethe scope of any or all aspects of the present disclosure. Its solepurpose is to present one or more aspects in a simplified form as aprelude to the more detailed description of the disclosure that follows.To the accomplishment of the foregoing, the one or more aspects of thepresent disclosure include the features described and exemplary pointedout in the claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and constitute apart of this specification, illustrate one or more example aspects ofthe present disclosure and, together with the detailed description,serve to explain their principles and implementations.

FIGS. 1(a)-1(c) illustrate an example activation and auto reset meansfor an emergency shut-off device;

FIG. 2 illustrates an example magnetic driver of an emergency shut-offdevice;

FIG. 3 illustrates an emergency shut-off device with direct linkage to avalve lever handle and installed at a selected location of a fluid linewhich is to be shut down in response to detection of an emergency;

FIG. 4 illustrates another emergency shut-off device incorporatingleverage and gravity to further increase work force potential andinstalled at a selected location of a fluid line which is to be shutdown in response to detection of an emergency;

FIG. 5 is a diagram depicting magnetic interactions and activities ofmagnets of the magnetic driver of FIG. 2 at various points or zones;

FIG. 6 illustrates an example magnetic driver designed in accordancewith aspects disclosed in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 illustrates an example linkage element that serves as a drivepiston guide and means of identifying stroke length;

FIG. 8 illustrates an example tracking means for adjusting the strokelength; and

FIG. 9 illustrates an emergency locking or opening system with a remotecontrol.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various aspects of the present disclosure will be described withreference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used torefer to like elements throughout. In the following description, forpurposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth inorder to promote a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of theinvention. It may be evident in some or all instances, however, that anyaspects described below can be practiced without adopting the specificdesign details described below.

Referring to FIGS. 1(a)-1(c), an activation means and auto reset means10 for an emergency shut-off device is illustrate, according to oneembodiment of the present disclosure. In FIG. 1(a), a steel ball 12 ofthe activation means may be suspended from a support or an attachmentplate 14 by a flexible linkage 16 at point 18. A non-magnetic housing 20may contain at least one magnet 22 attached to a steel pin 24 andprovide sufficient space to allow up and down free movement of themagnet 22 and pin 24. Initially, the magnet 22 may be fixed against anupper interior surface of the non-magnetic housing 20 by an attractionforce with the steel ball 12. This position may be maintained as long asthere is no movement of steel ball 12.

FIG. 1(b) depicts movements of the steel ball 12 caused by, e.g., aseismic event and a resulting disruption of the magnetic attractionbetween the steel ball 12 and magnet 22. Due to gravity, magnet 22 maydrop to a lower end of the housing 20 with the steel pin 24 contacting asurface 26 which may be configured to trigger a magnetic driver devicedescribed below in connection with FIGS. 2-8.

FIG. 1(c) depicts the post emergency event and the return of steel ball12 to the center of gravity. As a result, the attraction relationshipbetween the magnet 22 and the steel ball 12 may be re-established andthe magnet 22 may be returned to and maintained in the pre-activationstate shown in FIG. 1(a) as long as there is no movement of steel ball12 (indicating no seismic event). The activation means and auto resetmeans 10 illustrated in FIGS. 1(a)-1(c) may be suitable for non-contactor frictionless triggering for emergency locking or opening applicationswhere an extremely low amount of activation force may be required.

It should be appreciated that the emergency shut-off device of thepresent disclosure may utilize any suitable means or input systemconfigured to provide an activation force to a magnetic driver devicedisclosed below in connection with FIGS. 2-8. Another example activationmeans or input system to the emergency shut-off device may include analarm device, such as a steel ball supported and balanced on a verticalpedestal tip and falling to hit an activation plate as a result of anemergency, for example, seismic activity. Such activation plate may beconnected with, for example, an activation rod 52 of a magnetic driverdevice 30 shown in FIG. 2. When detecting a loss of integrity of theunderlying fluid line (e.g., vibratory forces and movements due toearthquake, temperature changes indicating a fire, or pressuredifferences signaling an imminent explosion), such seismic alarm devicemay be configured to generate an activation force to drive piston 44 ofthe magnetic driver device 30 which triggers an output system 34 toeffectuate an emergency shut-off.

As shown in FIG. 2, an embodiment of the magnetic driver device 30 mayinclude a hollow non-magnetic guide tube 42 disposed between an inputsystem 32 (e.g., activation means and auto reset means 10 of FIGS.1(a)-1(c)) and an output system 34. Hollow guide tube 42 may beconfigured to house at least a portion of a drive piston 44 that may bemovable along a longitudinal axis 46 and extends from a drive pistonactivation end 48 to a drive piston protruding end 50. As will bedescribed fully below, magnetic driver device 30 may include a pluralityof magnets that are configured to interact with one another to propelthe drive piston 44 to extend out of the guide tube 42 with great forcein response to minimal activation force applied to its activation end 48by an activation rod 52 that is connected to the input system 32 (e.g.,activation means and auto reset means 10 of FIGS. 1(a)-1(c)), such thatits protruding end 50 actuates the output system 34 to effectuate adesired locking or opening mechanism, as will be described fully below.

In one preferred embodiment, a pair of dipole magnets 54 and 56 may besymmetrically affixed at a selected location on opposite sides along alength of the longitudinal axis 46 of the guide tube 42 with a like polefacing each other (e.g., North poles facing each other). A dipole magnethere may refer to a magnet whose opposite poles (i.e., North and Southpoles) are on opposite sides of the magnet. The simplest example of adipole magnet may include a bar magnet. Each magnet 54, 56 may have amagnetic axis extending between its North and South poles. Both magneticaxes of magnets 54 and 56 may be substantially aligned with each otherto form a magnetic repulse shift line 58 which is generallyperpendicular to the longitudinal axis 46 of the guide tube 42. A drivemagnet 60 may be coupled to the drive piston 44 and movable inside theguide tube 42 longitudinally. Magnetic force exerted on either or bothmagnets 54 and 56 by the drive magnet 60 may change or reverse directionas a portion of the drive magnet 60 approaches, crosses and moves awayfrom the magnetic repulse shift line 58. As will be described fullybelow, the position of the magnetic repulse shift line 58 and suchportion of drive magnet needed to cross this line may vary in differentembodiments depending on the dimensions, positions, and magneticcharacteristics of magnets 54, 56 and 60.

Coupled to the drive piston 44 and housed within the guide tube 42, thedrive magnet 60 may be dimensioned in such a way that its North andSouth poles may move longitudinally within the guide tube 42 relative tothe magnetic repulse shift line 58 formed by the pair of magnets 54 and56, thereby generating great force accelerating the drive piston 44 toextend out of the guide tube 42. Initially, in one example configurationas shown in FIG. 2, the North pole of drive magnet 60 may be stabilizedbetween the North poles of magnets 54 and 56 at a position within theguide tube 42. That is, the magnetic force fields interacting betweenthe magnets 54 and 56 may stabilize the drive magnet 60 in a fixedposition. i.e., no force is present to cause any movement of the drivemagnet 60 within the guide tube 42.

When the drive magnet 60 may be stabilized slightly to the right ofmagnetic repulse shift line 58 (e.g., by one or more stops such as theend walls of the guide tube 42) within the guide tube 42, such positionmay be in a repulse field yet so close to the magnetic repulse shiftline 58 that only the slightest pressure on the activation end 48 of thedrive piston 44 by the activation rod 52 may shift the repulse forcefield to the left of the magnetic repulse shift line 58. That is,pressure on the activation end 48 of the drive piston 44 may cause theNorth pole of the drive magnet 60 to cross the magnetic repulse shiftline 58 into a left repulse field by thrusting the drive pistonprotruding end 50 rapidly to the left. The resulting thrusting forceaccelerates the drive piston 44 to extend out of the guide tube 42 toactivate the output system 34. One or more stops implemented within theguide tube 42 towards the drive piston protruding end 50 or simply theend walls of the guide tube 42 may be configured to stabilize the drivemagnet 60 at a position within the guide tube 42 post the actuation. Thetravel distance of the drive magnet 60 including the distance betweenthe magnetic repulse shift line 58 and its eventual stop position maydetermine the force required to activate the repulse shift to the left.The adjustability of this distance may accommodate desired activationforce of different magnitude in different application contexts.

In accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, the positionalrelationship between drive magnet 60 and magnets 54, 56 may beselectively adjusted in order to achieve a desired drive force generatedby the magnetic driver device 30. For example, drive magnet 60 may bepositioned and stabilized relatively close to magnetic repulse shiftline 58 in order to reduce or minimize an actuation or trigger force tomove drive magnet 60 past magnetic repulse shift line 58 to actuate theoutput system 34. The potential energy stored in drive magnet 60 whenreleased may produce a resultant force for the drive piston 44 that ismany multiples of the actuation force. When drive magnet 60 may bepositioned near magnetic repulse shift line 58 and near an equilibriumpoint within hollow guide tube 42, the amount of actuating force neededto trigger drive piston 44 may be greatly minimized.

In high energy applications, for instance for mechanical systems thatrequire a relatively significant drive force with very fast speed,strong magnets may be used in magnetic driver device 30. To preventdrive magnet 60 from being damaged due to collisions with either stopsimplemented within the guide tube 42 or the end walls of the guide tube42, in some embodiments, one or more impact cushions (not shown) may bepositioned within the guide tube 42. Impact cushions may be made offoam, gel, or other cushioning material that configured to disperseimpact forces the drive magnet 60 may impose on other components ofmagnetic driver device 30 and helps slow or stop the drive magnet 60 ata desired position within the guide tube 42.

Referring to FIG. 3, an example emergency shut-off system 62 may beincorporated at a selected location of a fluid line which is to be shutdown in response to detection of an emergency such as earthquake orlandslides. For example, system 62 may similarly utilize the activationmeans and auto reset means 10 described above in connection with FIGS.1(a)-1(c). Alternatively, system 62 may be activated by direct humanintervention or connected with any remote or local safety sensor that isconfigured to monitor one or more environmental physical or chemicalparameters of the underlying fluid line against a predeterminedthreshold value.

In one preferred embodiment, magnetic driver device 30 of system 62 maybe housed and stabilized within a non-magnetic housing 63 together withthe activation means 10 using the steel ball 12. Such activation meansmay be attached to the top interior surface of housing 63 and positionedto activate the magnetic driver device 30 as described above inconnection with FIGS. 1(a)-1(c). Housing 63 may be installed and securedon a selected portion of a pipe segment 66 of a fluid line viaattachment means 64. For example, threaded attachments may be used toinsert system 62 into a fluid line (arrows 67 depicting the flowdirection) and secure the system 62 at a desired position. Driver piston44 of magnetic driver device 30 may be connected with a valve shut-offlever 68 via an attachment pin 76 or any suitable connecting means. Uponactivation, drive piston 44 rapidly thrusts out of the guide tube ofmagnetic driver device 30 and drives the lever 68 downward to accomplisha quarter turn of stem 70 and a shut-off of valve 72, thereby stoppingfluid movement in the fluid line. In one embodiment, lever 68 may havespace 74 allowing a connector pin 76 to slide during the transition.

FIG. 4 depicts another example emergency shut-off system 78 which may beincorporated at a selected location of a large fluid line that ought tobe shut down in response to detection of an emergency such as earthquakeor landslides. Similar to system 62, magnetic driver device 30 of system78 may be housed and stabilized within a non-magnetic housing 63together with the activation means 10. Housing 63 may be installed andsecured on a selected portion of a pipe segment 66 of a large fluid lineflowing in the arrow direction 67. Utilizing gravity and storedpotential energy to increase work force, system 78 may be used forextremely large industrial applications. As shown, the drive piston 44of the magnetic driver device 30 may be connected to a lever arm 79 by afree moving pin 80. Incorporation of a lever function may significantlyincrease the drive force generated by system 78 to its output system. Inone embodiment, lever arm 79 may be coupled to a side wall of thehousing 63 via a fulcrum point 82 and connected with a release bar 84 bya free moving pin 86. The release bar 84 may be configured to hold aweight 88 maintained in a housing 90. Upon activation by the activationmeans and auto reset means 10 described above in connection with FIGS.1(a)-1(c), the drive piston 44 of the magnetic driver device 30 thrustsout at a fast speed and pivots the lever arm 79 clockwise orcounterclockwise around the fulcrum point 82. As a result, the releasebar 84 may be withdrawn from the housing 90, thereby releasing weight 88into the force of gravity. When weight 88 falls to a complete stop 92,the flow in the fluid line 66 may be terminated (arrows depicting theflow direction). Increasing work force by the use of gravity (weight 88may be a thousand pounds) may enable the invention to be functional withlarge valves on major industrial pipelines. Resetting means of system 78may include a ratchet jack, a counter weight, a manual chain hoist, etc.

It should be appreciated that, when the magnetic driver device 30 andthe associated mechanism are housed or maintained adequately, systems 62and 78 may function indefinitely without requiring any external energysource, such as electrical, hydraulic, spring or pneumatic power.Moreover, system 62 or 78 may be used with any fluid line and may beconfigured to be activated by one or more selected detection conditionssuch as high or low pressure of the underlying fluid line, or thepresence or absence of the flow inside the fluid line. When connectedwith multiple sensors for monitoring the integrity of the underlyingfluid line in real time, system 62 or 78 may be configured to activateemergency shutoff or opening in a timely and reliably way. In addition,system 62 or 78 may be scalable and enhanced with remote emergency anddisaster management capabilities, as described below with respect toFIG. 9. Surface frictional wear of moving component parts of system 62or 78 may be completely eliminated, as the moving part may only involvethe drive piston 44 of the magnetic driver device 30, thereby reducingmanufacturing and maintenance cost.

Referring now to FIG. 5, a diagram illustrates aspects of magneticinteractions and activities of magnets 54, 56, and 60 of the magneticdriver device 30 at various points within the guide tube 42, as thedrive magnet 60 is configured to approach, cross and leave the magneticrepulse shift line 58. Initially, in one example configuration as shownin FIG. 5, the South pole of drive magnet 60 may be stabilized betweenthe North poles of magnets 54 and 56 at a position within the guide tube42 at one distal end. As any suitable means 102 (e.g., the activationrod 52 pressuring on the activation end 48 of the drive piston 44 shownin FIG. 2) may gradually move magnet 60 from its initial position toapproach the magnetic repulse shift line 58 longitudinally in thedirection of 104 inside the guide tube 42.

At point 106, a first measurable magnetic interaction between magnets54, 56, and 60 may be created (e.g., a repulse force, for example, ofabout 100 pounds). Between points 106 and 108, the repulse resistancemay increase from, for example, 0 to 100 pounds as the North pole ofdrive magnet 60 may be configured to approach the magnetic repulse shiftline 58 by means 102 and start interacting with the North poles ofmagnets 54 and 56. After peaking at point 108, such repulse resistancemay steadily decline to approach 0 when the drive magnet 60 may bestabilized just slightly to the left of magnetic repulse shift line 58at a position within the guide tube 42, and the slightest pressure onthe drive piston 44 by the means 102 may shift the repulse force fieldfrom the left to the right of the magnetic repulse shift line 58. Inother words, a maximum repulse resistance force may not develop atmagnetic repulse shift line 58 and the repulse force may becomemaximized at a point (e.g., point 108) prior to line 58.

When drive magnet 60 crosses point 108 (maximum repulse resistance), therepulse resistance among like poles of magnets 54, 56, and 60 mayexhibit a steady decline as the distance between the like poles ofmagnets 60, 54, and 56 is decreased. Furthermore, such repulseresistance may approach 0 at the threshold of repulse shift (line 58)indicating that significant levels of potential energy may be stored andconverted to kinetic energy with a near zero energy requirement in theconversion process. For example, systems 62 and 78 described above inFIGS. 3 and 4 are based at least upon this frictionless magneticlatching mechanism, as the repulse force among magnets 54, 56, and 60 isnot transferred to a latch involving direct contact and creatingfriction.

Beyond line 58 (threshold of repulse shift), the repulse force amonglike poles of magnets 54, 56, and 60 may be reestablished and increasefrom 0 to 100 pounds at point 110. Between points 110 and 112, ameasurable interaction between magnets 53, 60, and 62 may decrease andreduce to 0 at point 112. In one embodiment, the functional range forthe drive magnet 60 may be implemented anywhere between point 106 andline 58, but close to line 58 when used in the context of a seismicemergency shut-off device as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 6 depicts another example magnetic driver device 116, in accordancewith the magnetic interactions and activities of magnets 54, 56, and 60at various zones or points within the guide tube 42 relative to themagnetic repulse shift line 58 disclosed above in connection with FIG.5. The embodiment in FIG. 6 have no effect on the relationship betweenthe drive piston 44 and a target contact (e.g., an output system of theseismic emergency shut-off device). Importantly, this embodiment mayenable adjustment of activation force of magnetic driver device 116 bymovements of external magnets 54 and 56. It should be appreciated that,although magnetic driver device 116 of FIG. 6 may be used as a shut-offmechanism for a fluid line in response to a seismic emergency event, itmay be used in various suitable application contexts which requireadjustment of activation energy without affecting the position of thedriver magnet 60 and the driver piston 44.

To control positions and movements of external magnets 54 and 56, aframe member 117 of magnetic driver device 116 may include a firstrotating sleeve 120 threadably attached thereon at junction 122. Asecond rotating sleeve 124 may be likewise threadably attached to thefirst rotating sleeve 120 at junction 126. The first rotating sleeve 120may be configured to house external magnets 54 and 56 in space 128 andboth magnets may be held against the angled contact surfaces 130 by therepulse force created by their like poles (e.g., North poles) being inproximity to a like pole (e.g., North pole) of the drive magnet 60. Bothrotating sleeves 120 and 124 may be anteriorly or posteriorlyrepositioned by rotation of grips 132 and 134, respectively. Theresulting rotations may increase or decrease the distance between, e.g.,the poles of magnets 54, 56 and 60 and/or distance between a forwardfacing pole of magnet 60 and the repulse shift point denoted by line 58.Such changes may result in the ability to adjust activation sensitivityin the absence of any movement of the drive magnet 60 or the drivepiston 44. The drive force generated by the magnetic driver device 116shown in FIG. 6 may be controlled and adjusted based at least upon thepositions of magnets 54 and 56 relative to the drive magnet 60 which isconfigured to move longitudinally within hollow space 118 defined by theframe member 117.

For example, a first means to control and adjust the drive force mayinclude incrementally adjusting the distance between the drive magnet 60and the threshold of repulse shift (line 58) formed by magnets 54 and56. As shown in FIG. 6, each magnet 54, 56 may be coupled with rollerbearings 136, 138 movable within each respective roller bearing housing140, 142. The first rotating sleeve 120 may be threadedcircumferentially onto the outer casing of the frame member 117 to allowand control movements of magnets 54 and 56 and roller bearings 136, 138in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the frame member 117in space 144. As the flange grip 132 of the first rotating sleeve 120 isrotated clockwise, for example, the threshold of repulse shift (line 58)may be moved further away from the drive magnet 60. Counterclockwiserotations of the grip 132 may have the opposite effect and result in adecreased distance between drive magnet 60 and line 58. As the drivemagnet 60 moves closer to line 58, the force required for activation themagnetic driver device 116 may be reduced. For example, as describedabove in connection with FIG. 5, when the North pole of driver magnet 60moves past the peak point 108 and in close vicinity of magnetic repulseshift line 58 formed between North poles of magnets 54 and 56, therepulse resistance among magnets 54, 56, and 60 may be the minimum(approach 0 at the threshold of repulse shill line 58). As magneticdriver device 116 may be activated by a small force, the sensitivity ofthe underlying emergency shut-off system may be increased. In onepreferred embodiment, the activation force may be adjusted to be in arange in order to prevent accidental activation but still yield greatdrive force by the magnetic driver device 116.

Moreover, it is known that many conventional emergency shut-off valvesmay be generally sensitive primarily to horizontal shock waves notvertical shock waves. As a result, for example, a shut-off valve deviceof this nature when sitting directly above an epicenter of an earthquakeof a given magnitude may not be activated by such an earthquake, whereasan identical valve located a distance away from the epicenter, and whichis not readily subjected to quite as hard of a shock, may be properlyactivated. In one preferred embodiment, a plurality of seismic emergencyshut-off systems disclosed in the present application may be deployedcross a geographic region. Each system may be configured to effectuatean emergency shut off of a pipeline at different locations in responseto earthquake shock based at least upon each respective predeterminedthreshold values of activation force. As locations between each seismicemergency shut-off system and a detected epicenter of an earthquake aredifferent, the distance between the magnetic repulse shift line 58 andthe drive magnet 60 of each system may be determined and implementedindividually, so each system may have different sensitivity tohorizontal shock waves and/or vertical shock waves.

Moreover, a second means to control and adjust the drive force mayinclude incrementally adjusting a distance between the drive magnet 60and the peripheral magnets 54 and 56. As shown in FIG. 6, the secondrotating sleeve 124 may be threaded circumferentially onto the firstrotating sleeve 120 to allow and control movements of magnets 54, 56 androller bearings 136, 138 in a direction perpendicular to thelongitudinal axis of the frame member 117. For example, one or morestops 146 and space 128 may be provided by the second rotating sleeve124 for such perpendicular movements of magnets 54 and 56. Further,angled contact surfaces 130 may be provided for each roller bearing 136,138 to move thereon when the flange grip 134 rotates clockwise orcounterclockwise to adjust the position of each magnet 54, 56 relativeto the longitudinal outer casing of the frame member 117. In oneembodiment, clockwise rotations of grip 134 of the second rotatingsleeve 124 may move magnets 54 and 56 closer to drive magnet 60 andcompress the repulse field therebetween to yield an increase in driveforce. Counterclockwise rotations of grip 134 may decompress the repulsefield therebetween and yield a decrease in drive force. Lock pins 148and 150 may be used to fix the position of each rotating sleeve 120, 124onto the outer casing of the frame member 117 when tightened. In oneembodiment, recessed space 149 may be provided in frame member 117 toaccommodate attachment and movements of lock pin 148, and recessed space151 in the first rotating sleeve 120 for accommodating attachment andmovements of lock pin 150.

As will be descried fully below in FIGS. 7 and 8, a third means tocontrol and adjust the drive force may include controlling the strokelength of drive piston 44. Stroke length variations yield correspondingvariations in the impact force of the drive piston 44 on, e.g., thetarget surface of an output system 206.

It should be appreciated that the above three adjustment means may beused independently or in combination with one another to enableincreasing or decreasing the drive force generated by magnetic driverdevice 116 for specific applications even after the magnetic driverdevice 116 has been manufactured and installed. In addition, thestrength of magnets 54, 56 and 60 selected and installed in magneticdriver device 116 may also affect the strength of the drive forcegenerated.

Referring now to FIG. 7, a linkage element 152 may serve as a pistonguide and may be a part of the activation (trigger) component of adriver design for a corresponding magnetic driver device. The linkageelement 152 may also function as a means to identify stroke length ofdrive piston 44 of the magnetic driver device. In one embodiment, thelinkage element 152 may be part of activation means 154 which mayrepresent any suitable driver systems use for flow reduction as opposedto flow opening or shut-off purposes. For example, linkage element 152may house the drive piston 44 and space 156 may be adjusted by aspectsdisclosed in connection with FIG. 8. For example, as shown in FIG. 8,the magnetic driver device 116 of FIG. 7 may be attached to trackingmeans 160 (moved by e.g., one or more gear cogs 162) which may beengaged by cogwheels enabling anterior or posterior movements of therotating sleeves 120 and 124 by the rotation of a knob 164. Suchmovements may directly affects the size of space 156 which may determinea stroke length of drive piston 44 and the drive force generated by themagnetic driver device 116. That is, variations in spaces 156 may resultin variations in the drive force generated by magnetic driver device116.

For example, as space 156 may be decreased by the drive magnet 60 beingmoved toward line 58, the resulting drive force may be diminished. Awell-defined and measurable repulse field length may exist beyond thethreshold of repulse shift, as described previously. The piston driveforce may be directly influenced by the distance the drive piston 44 isallowed to travel into this repulse field prior to contacting stops 158.Within the length of this field, there may exist a point of peak repulseforce. Variations in the distance between a selected stop point and thepeak repulse point may yield differences in drive force levels formagnetic driver device 116.

Referring to FIG. 9, an emergency shut-off system 200 with remotecontrol may be configured to control a fluid line (e.g., a water flow, aflow of electric current, or a flow of oil and chemicals), according toaspects of the present application. On a high level, system 200 maycomprise an input system 202, a magnetic locking or opening system 204that requires no electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic power, and an outputsystem 206. Input system 202 may include the activation means and autoreset means 10 of FIGS. 1(a)-1(c). Input system 202 may be configured toconnect with at least one safety sensor associated with an emergencymonitoring and detection system 208. For example, system 208 may beconfigured to monitor one or more environmental physical or chemicalparameters of a fluid line against a predetermined threshold value anddetermine whether an emergency shutdown of a fluid line (e.g., vibratoryforces and movements due to earthquake, temperature changes indicating afire, or pressure differences signaling an imminent explosion) may beneeded.

Furthermore, input system 202 of system 200 may be connected, via atleast one communication network 210, with suitable network connectionsand protocols, with at least one remote computing device 212 which maycomprise at least one of personal computers, servers, laptops, tablets,mobile devices, smart phones, cellular devices, portable gaming devices,media players, network enabled printers, routers, wireless accesspoints, network appliances, storage systems, gateway devices, or anyother suitable devices that are deployed in the same or differentnetworks. Enhanced with such remote computing and processingcapabilities, system 200 may be configured to be more responsive tocertain conditions in locking or unlocking, e.g., an emergency exitdoor. It is to be appreciated that system 200 may include any suitableand/or necessary interface components, such as various adapters,connectors, channels, communication paths, for facilitating exchangingsignals and data among various hardware and software components of theinput system 202, the remote computing device 212, any applications,peer devices, remote or local server systems/service providers, andadditional database system(s) that are connected via underlying networkconnections 210 and associated communication channels and protocols(e.g., Internet, wireless, LAN, cellular, Wi-Fi, WAN). As a result,input system 202 may be configured to receive various command signalsfrom a remote location and accordingly generate an activation force tothe magnetic locking or opening system 204 to initiate a desired lockingor opening mechanism depending upon the application context of system200. Therefore, suitable safety detection sensitivity of theabove-mentioned environmental physical or chemical parameters, andvarious control functions may be incorporated into system 200 toaccommodate any contingency that may arise and trigger the magneticlocking or opening system 204.

Each of the devices, systems and methods according to the invention canalso be used or adapted for use in aerospace, defense, and/or nuclearweapon device, method and system in which it is useful to have one ormore trigger, actuation, shut-off, opening, locking, drive, retractionor firing mechanism. In a further preferred embodiment, the devices,methods and systems according to the invention are inert, stable,temperature insensitive, require no electricity, involve no chemicals,and can be precisely calibrated and can remain ready to actuate anddeliver a large amount of force instantaneously for a long period oftime, e.g., even over many decades or centuries.

The above description of the disclosure is provided to enable a personskilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modificationsto the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art,and the common principles defined herein may be applied to othervariations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure.Further, the above description in connection with the drawings describesexamples and does not represent the only examples that may beimplemented or that are within the scope of the claims.

Furthermore, although elements of the described aspects and/orembodiments may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural iscontemplated unless limitation to the singular is explicitly stated.Additionally, all or a portion of any aspect and/or embodiment may beutilized with all or a portion of any other aspect and/or embodiment,unless stated otherwise. Thus, the disclosure is not to be limited tothe examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded thewidest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosedherein.

1. (canceled) 2-24. (canceled)
 25. A device, comprising: a guide tubethat is hollow and has a longitudinal axis; first and second magnetsplaced near a distal end of the guide tube on opposite sides along alength of the guide tube with like poles facing each other, each magnethaving a magnetic axis extending between its North and South poles,magnetic axes of first and second magnets being substantially alignedwith each other to form a magnetic repulse shift line; a drive pistonmovable inside the guide tube along the longitudinal axis; and a thirdmagnet coupled to the drive piston and configured to be stabilizedinside the guide tube, wherein the third magnet has a magnetic axis thatis perpendicular to the magnetic repulse shift line, and a pole of thethird magnet is positioned at a selected distance to the magneticrepulse shift line, wherein the third magnet is configured to, inresponse to receiving an activation force, move along the longitudinalaxis to cross the magnetic repulse shift line to generate a drive forcefor extending the drive piston out of the guide tube.
 26. The device ofclaim 25, wherein the third magnet is configured to be stabilized insidethe guide tube via one or more stops implemented within the guide tube.27. The device of claim 25, wherein the pole of the third magnet is thesame as the like poles of the first and second magnets.
 28. The deviceof claim 27, wherein the pole of the third magnet and the like poles ofthe first and second magnets are all North poles or all South poles. 29.The device of claim 27, wherein the pole of the third magnet isconfigured to be stabilized at the selected distance to the magneticrepulse shift line in order to create and maintain repulse resistancewith the like poles of the first and second magnets.
 30. The device ofclaim 29, wherein the third magnet is configured to, in response toreceiving the activation force, move along the longitudinal axis tocross the magnetic repulse shift line to convert the repulse resistanceto the drive force for extending the drive piston out of the guide tube.31. The device of claim 30, wherein the repulse resistance increaseswhen the selected distance to the magnetic repulse shift line decreasesto a first location, wherein the repulse resistance peaks at the firstlocation.
 32. The device of claim 31, wherein the repulse resistancedecreases when the selected distance to the magnetic repulse shift linedecrease to a second location, wherein the second location is betweenthe first location and the magnetic repulse shift line.
 33. The deviceof claim 32, wherein the repulse resistance is near zero when theselected distance to the magnetic repulse shift line approaches zero.34. The device of claim 33, wherein the activation force is near zerowhen the selected distance to the magnetic repulse shift line approacheszero.
 35. The device of claim 32, wherein the drive force increasesafter the pole of the third magnet crosses the magnetic repulse shiftline, and the drive force peaks when the pole of the third magnetreaches a third location.
 36. The device of claim 35, wherein the driveforce is controlled by one or more stops selectively placed within theguide tube between the magnetic repulse shift line and the thirdlocation.
 37. A system, comprising: an activation subsystem configuredto generate an activation force; and a device, comprising: a guide tubethat is hollow and has a longitudinal axis, first and second magnetsplaced near a distal end of the guide tube on opposite sides along alength of the guide tube with like poles facing each other, each magnethaving a magnetic axis extending between its North and South poles,magnetic axes of first and second magnets being substantially alignedwith each other to form a magnetic repulse shift line, a drive pistonmovable inside the guide tube along the longitudinal axis, and a thirdmagnet coupled to the drive piston and configured to be stabilizedinside the guide tube, wherein the third magnet has a magnetic axis thatis perpendicular to the magnetic repulse shift line, and a pole of thethird magnet is positioned at a selected distance to the magneticrepulse shift line, wherein the third magnet is configured to, inresponse to receiving the activation force, move along the longitudinalaxis to cross the magnetic repulse shift line to generate a drive forcefor extending the drive piston out of the guide tube.
 38. The system ofclaim 37, wherein the third magnet is configured to be stabilized insidethe guide tube via one or more stops implemented within the guide tube,wherein the pole of the third magnet is the same as the like poles ofthe first and second magnets.
 39. The system of claim 38, wherein thepole of the third magnet and the like poles of the first and secondmagnets are all North poles or all South poles.
 40. The system of claim38, wherein the pole of the third magnet is configured to be stabilizedat the selected distance to the magnetic repulse shift line in order tocreate and maintain repulse resistance with the like poles of the firstand second magnets, wherein the third magnet is configured to, inresponse to receiving the activation force, move along the longitudinalaxis to cross the magnetic repulse shift line to convert the repulseresistance to the drive force for extending the drive piston out of theguide tube.
 41. The system of claim 40, wherein the repulse resistanceincreases when the selected distance to the magnetic repulse shift linedecreases to a first location, wherein the repulse resistance peaks atthe first location.
 42. The system of claim 41, wherein the repulseresistance decreases when the selected distance to the magnetic repulseshift line decrease to a second location, wherein the second location isbetween the first location and the magnetic repulse shift line.
 43. Thesystem of claim 42, wherein the repulse resistance is near zero when theselected distance to the magnetic repulse shift line approaches zero,and the activation force is near zero when the selected distance to themagnetic repulse shift line approaches zero.
 44. The system of claim 42,wherein the drive force increases after the pole of the third magnetcrosses the magnetic repulse shift line and peaks when the pole of thethird magnet reaches a third location, wherein the drive force iscontrolled by one or more stops selectively placed within the guide tubebetween the magnetic repulse shift line and the third location.